STATUS ISOlEK YOGYAKARTA-SURAKARTA DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP BAHASA JAWA STANDAR

Abstrak / Ringkasan

This research study focuses on the Yogyakarta-Surakarta isolects, a means
of communication among members of communities in the areas of Yogyakarta and
Surakarta, whose status as language, dialect, or sub dialect has not been established
yet. It is necessary to establish the status of the two isolects as there is confusion
among educational practitioners and members of communities in general
regarding the rules of the standard Javanese that the government has established so
far. In their development, Yogyakarta and Surakarta have moved in different
directions; it seems that their similarities are dropping significantly now a days. If
this can be proved, then the status of the two isolects needs to be established and
the rules of the standard Javanese need reviewing.
For that purpose, a field survey was conducted in the Province of
Yogyakarta Special Territory and the Ex-residency of Surakarta. The research
objects included all Javanese utterances in the Yogyakarta and Surakarta areas
whose status as language, dialect, and subdiolect has not been established yet. The
data were collected through interviews, accompanied by observations, recording,
and note making, employing a list of 200 basic words by Swadesh edited by Pusat
Bahasa, a vocabulary list of 600 glosses, a list of phrases, and a list of sentences. The
data were analyzed by a diachronic method using the lexicostatistics technique and
a synchronic method using the comparative technique.
The research findings show that the status of the relationship of the two
isolects is the relationship between dialects in one language (the percentage of the
family similarities being 86.75 %). This is supported by the results of the synchronic
analysis through the vocabulary of 600 glosses, the phrase level, and the sentence
level. The linguistic evidences have the implication on the establishment of the
standard Javanese. In the two isolects, there are both similar and unique elements.
The similar elements in the two isolects become the standard Javanese dialect, and
the unique elements become the local elements. In the Javanese learning process in
school, the standard Javanese dialect and the local Javanese are taught. Likewise,
Javanese textbooks will refer to the standard Javanese and the local or substandard
Javanese.

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