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“methods”

1,177 referensi ditemukan

JOURNAL Umuminternational2026

Expanding Vocabulary Comprehension and Production Through Metaphor Awareness: A Case of Iranian EFL Learners

Ahmed-Habeeb-Younus Al-Dirawi; Amirabbas Rafiee Fazel · DOAJ Open Access Articles

The seemingly arbitrary nature of word meanings has long hindered the development of effective channels for vocabulary learning in a non-native language. This study compares enactment-based and explanation-based instructional methods in raising learners’ awareness of metaphorical motivation behind a set of word meanings, and their subsequent effect on medium…

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2026

The Effect of Teacher’s Scaffolding on Improving the Inner Speech of EFL Learners: Moderated by the Behavioral Inhibition/Activation Systems

Zhila Balegh; Shima Ahmadi-Azad; Mohammad Hossein Yousefi · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Understanding the interplay between the social (teacher scaffolding), cognitive (inner speech [IS]), and psychological (behavioral inhibition/activation systems [BIS/BAS]) factors involved in language development, can be crucial in designing effective language instruction. This research investigated the impact of teacher scaffolding on Iranian English as a f…

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2026

The Impact of Technology and Artificial Intelligence on Self-Training and Professional Development of Iranian Undergraduate TEFL Students

Sara Sheikhzadeh; Bahram Mowlaie · DOAJ Open Access Articles

This study investigates the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital technologies in supporting self-training and professional development among undergraduate TEFL students at a single branch of Islamic Azad University (South Tehran). Employing an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, the study first analyzed quantitative survey data and subse…

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JOURNAL PAIinternational2026

The expression of stemness markers in organoids according to histological subtypes of gastric cancer

Yie-Ri Yoo; Kyoungyun Jeong; Jaeun Yoo; Hyun Myong Kim; Ji-Yeon Shin; Min Kyu Kang; Kyoyoung Park; Sa-Hong Kim; Chungyoon Kim; Jeesun Kim; Young Suk Park; Seong-Ho Kong; Hyuk-Joon Lee; Han-Kwang Yang; Do Joong Park · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Purpose Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disease in which cancer stem cell-associated properties may contribute to tumor heterogeneity and progression. This study aimed to establish paired normal and tumor gastric organoids, characterize stemness-related gene expression, and explore its association with organoid formation. Methods Normal and tumor tissues w…

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JOURNAL PAIinternational2026

Suppression of MCM2 reduces cancer stem cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related phenotypes in breast cancer cells

Rae-Kwon Kim · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Purpose Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2) is a key regulator of DNA replication and has been implicated in tumor progression. While previous studies have demonstrated its role in lung cancer stem cells (CSCs), its role in breast cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether MCM2 regulates CSCs and epithelial-mesenchymal transition…

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JOURNAL PAIinternational2026

SYNTHESIS OF FINE ARTS AND ANIMATION

CRANI, STEPAN; SAVI?KAIA-BARAGHIN, IARÎNA · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Animation and visual arts represent two closely interconnected fields in which the visual image plays a central role. Although the development of digital technologies has transformed production methods, animation continues to rely on principles derived from painting, drawing, and other traditional techniques. Through the use of both classical and digital me…

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2026

Mapping media literacy assessment: A systematic review to connect the dots

Lara Azar; Casey Frechette; Hafsa Zia; Joy Amulya · DOAJ Open Access Articles

The goal of this study was to address persistent challenges in assessing media literacy by reviewing assessments developed between 2011 and 2020. We combined landscape analysis, research synthesis, and grounded theory to select assessments, identify key attributes, iteratively code, analyze, and create an integrated synthesis of approaches to media literacy …

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2026

La communication RSE de l’entreprise: pratiques et stratégies discursives / Corporate Social Responsibility Communication: Practices and Discursive Strategies

Andra-Teodora PORUMB; Adina S?CARA-ONI?A · DOAJ Open Access Articles

In this paper, we will demonstrate how the company has diversified its areas of interest and scope of activity beyond manufacturing, paying increasing attention to the impact of its operations on society and the environment, as well as to the need to prioritize internal and external communication. The importance of communication strategies, the proliferation…

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2026

Business Model Design under Economic Uncertainty: Integrating Game Theory and Behavioral Economics in Strategic Decision-Making

Bahareh Naseri · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Purpose: This study aims to design a comprehensive model for developing business models under economic uncertainty, emphasizing game theory and behavioral economics in strategic decision-making.Methodology: A mixed-methods sequential-exploratory design was employed. In the qualitative phase, 24 semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior managers a…

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2026

Vaccine hesitancy among mothers of under-fivechildren: A community based cross-sectional study in migrant settlements of Ahmedabad

Sudhanshu Saurabh; Hothal Vegad; Aparajita Shukla · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Background: Vaccine hesitancy remains a major barrier to achieving optimal childhood immunization coverage, particularly among underserved communities. This study assessed the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy and its predictors among mothers of under-five children residing in migrant settlements of Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Material and methods: A community…

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2026

Association between mukbang and cookbang watching and obesity in Korean adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Ji-Hye Jung; Yeon-Oh Han · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Objectives In this study, the association between the frequency of watching mukbang/cookbang (online eating and cooking broadcasts) and obesity in Korean adolescents was investigated using data from the 21st (2025) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Methods The subjects were 52,624 middle- and high-school students, who were classified based on watch…

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2026

Nutritional strategies to promote healthy life expectancy of Korean older adults based on their nutritional status and current nutrition programs: a narrative review

SuJin Song · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Objectives Korea has entered a super-aged society, resulting in a growing socioeconomic burden and rapidly increasing demand for home- and community-based nutrition services. This review aimed to examine the nutritional health status of Korean older adults and the existing nutrition programs, along with suggesting effective nutritional strategies to improve …

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2025

Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Individuals Seeking Non-Surgical Aesthetic Procedures: A Cross-Sectional Study

Samar Jasim; Mariam Al-Ashbal · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Background: Non-surgical aesthetic procedures are widely used to enhance appearance and psychosocial well-being, with rising demand in Iraq. This study characterized sociodemographic profiles of individuals seeking non-surgical procedures and examined associations with indications, motivations, and outcomes.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at …

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JOURNAL PAIinternational2025

Diagnostic Accuracy of 2D Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography for Detecting Coronary Artery Stenosis in Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Khalil S. Ahmed · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Background: Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography can reveal subclinical myocardial dysfunction in patients with preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction. This study aimed to determine whether global and vessel-specific longitudinal strain metrics are associated with angiographically confirmed coronary artery stenosis.Methods: In a retrospect…

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2025

The Social Resilience of Rural Communities in the Western Region of Lake Zaribar in Response to Flooding (Marivan, Kurdistan)

Mohammad Mehdi Hosseinzadeh; somaye Moradi · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Objective: Natural disasters have historically impacted human life and are viewed as significant barriers to development. The idea of resilience refers to a community's ability to foresee, prepare for, react to, and bounce back from flood incidents, which is vital given the variable nature of climate-associated risks. This study seeks to explore the ability …

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2025

Computer-assisted instruction with virtual reality: Exploring its impact on science learning and gender differences

Y?lmaz Özkan; Enes A. Bilgin; Güne? U?ra? · DOAJ Open Access Articles

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of computer-assisted instruction [CAI], incorporating virtual reality [VR], on the academic achievement of 6th-grade students in Science courses. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group. Lessons in both experimental and control groups were conducted …

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2025

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IS ONE OF THE MOST CRITICAL CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR MODERN BUSINESSES

Roin Tateshvili · DOAJ Open Access Articles

This article explores the opportunities and challenges of digital transformation for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Georgia, comparing them with the experiences of European countries. The article analyzes digital development trends among Georgian SMEs, presenting research data and case studies that highlight successful digital strategy i…

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2025

Effectiveness of an integrated prevention program for occupational heat-related risks: A descriptive study in Italy

Angelo SACCO; Angela Anna CRAMAROSSA; Livia FERRI; Ines PICCARI; Virna PISCIOTTANO · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Introduction: The rise in global temperatures and the frequency of heatwaves pose significant challenges to workplace health and safety, particularly in outdoor sectors. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an integrated prevention program in mitigating occupational heat-related risks during the summer of 2024 in Italy. Methods: A descriptive study was…

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2025

Dialogic teaching in out of school environments through technology and thought experiment

Fatma Kübra Uyar; Orhan Karamustafao?lu · DOAJ Open Access Articles

This study addresses a notable gap in the literature by exploring the integration of innovative strategies—specifically Web 2.0-based dialogic teaching—into out-of-school learning environments. The research investigated 7th-grade students’ awareness of Web 2.0 tools, their performance on a thought experiment (the Sugar Cube), their cognitive engagement, and …

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JOURNAL Umuminternational2025

Appraisal of Multiple Intelligence-Based Instruction: the case of learners’ perceptions

Sajjad Gharibeh-Gharibeh; Zhila Mohammadnia; Mahdi Sarkhosh · DOAJ Open Access Articles

Language learning is a multifaceted process influenced by various factors, including learners’ individual preferences and cognitive strengths. This mixed-methods study investigates how dominant intelligences influence the instructional preferences and perceptions of 30 male Turkish-speaking EFL learners, aged 13-17, using a structured questionnaire and semi-…

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