The Network Of Ulama And Its Role In The Development Of Islam In North Sumatera

Abstrak / Ringkasan

Islam in North Sumatra has not become a serious concern in the scholarship of Islam in Indonesia. Two assumptions are underlying the causes of this fact. First, Islam in North Sumatra is perceived as a continuation of Aceh Islam. Secondly, North Sumatra is often identified as Christian territory. This study aims to examine the communication between ulama in developing Islam in North Sumatra. It will look at the role of educational institutions as well as the influence of ulama in calling for social changes. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, which aims to understand social problems, events, the role of interaction, and community groups. The qualitative approach is used by focusing on the social conditions surrounding the existence of the ulama which became the basis in compiling the historical
events of the ulama network in the development of Islam in North Sumatra in the 20th century. This article
argues that; first, the scientific network among the
ulama in North Sumatra contributes to the emergence
of the Islamic educational system. Secondly, the role of
Musthafawiyah boarding school and Maktab Islamiyah
Tapanuli is very important in developing an Islamic
understanding of the communities. Third, the ulama
continue to maintain Islamic teaching as a source of
moral guidance to all problems of social change.
Selama ini kajian tentang Islam di Sumatera Utara
terkesan tidak menjadi fokus utama para peneliti dan
intelektual Indonesia. Setidaknya ada dua alasan yang
melatari hal tersebut. Pertama, Islam Sumatera Utara
dianggap sebagai semata kontinuitas dari Islam Aceh
dan kedua, Sumatera Utara diasumsikan sebagai wilayah
Kristen. Studi ini bermaksud menelaah relasi para ulama
dalam mengembangkan Islam di Sumatera Utara, melihat bagaimana peran lembaga pendidikan Islam, dan bagaimana pengaruh ulama dalam perubahan sosial.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitati deskriptif untuk memahami problem sosial, pengaruh
interaksi, dan eksistensi komunitas. Pendekatan ini
dilakukan untuk menjelaskan eksistensi para ulama yang
menjadi salah satu pijakan utama dalam melihat perkembangan Islam di Sumatera Utara, terutama pada
abad XX. Studi ini berargumen bahwa: (1) relasi antar
ulama memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap kemunculan
dan perkembangan lembaga pendidikan Islam di Sumatera Utara, (2) peran Musthafawiyah dan Maktab Islamiyah Tapanuli sangat penting dalam membangun kesadaran Islam dan komunitas Muslim di Sumut, dan (3) ulama menjadikan moral Islam sebagai pijakan etik dalam mewarnai perubahan sosial

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