A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF GENDER STEREOTYPE IN BUKU SEKOLAH ELEKTRONIK (BSE) USING HALLIDAY’S TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS

Abstrak / Ringkasan

The objectives of this research are: 1) to identify the processes embedded to male characters in the narrative texts in Buku Sekolah Elektronik (BSE) English Textbooks, 2) to identify the processes embedded to female characters in the texts, and 3) to investigate whether the processes reflect the gender stereotype.
This study applied quantitative and qualitative methods under Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). It employed Halliday’s Transitivity Analysis in the description stage of CDA. The data sources were all narrative texts in 8 BSE English textbooks for junior high schools. The data were in the form of clauses. The data collection technique was note taking. The data analysis techniques were quantitative and qualitative techniques. The quantitative technique was used to compare between the number of occurrences of processes embedded to female characters and that to male characters. It was used to access the tendency of gender stereotype of both genders. Meanwhile, an in-depth analysis of the processes aimed at investigating the tendency of stereotype was done by using the qualitative technique by comparing the transitivity analysis of male characters and female characters.This happened under the description stage of CDA. Then, it passed the interpretation stage and explanation stage according to Fairclough’s framework. This research used credibility, dependability and
confirmability to check the trustwothiness of the data.
The findings showed that the processes embedded to male characters outnumber the processes embedded to female characters. There are 813 processes embedded to male characters. Meanwhile, there are only 279 processes embedded to female characters. Based on Goatly’s Hierarchy of Power Framework, the processes embedded to male characters are more powerful than those embedded to female characters. The description, interpretation, and explanation under Fairclough’s CDA conclude that the narrative texts are stereotypically determined and determinative.

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